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Industrial engineering is a branch of engineering which deals with the optimization of complex processes or systems. Industrial engineers work to eliminate waste of time, money, materials, man-hours, machine time, energy and other resources that do not generate value. According to the Institute of Industrial Engineers, they figure out how to do things better. They engineer processes and systems that improve quality and productivity. Industrial engineers are the only engineering professionals trained specifically to be productivity and quality improvement specialists. As they work to improve processes on a technical point of view, but also to optimise the efficiency and profitability of businesses, many practitioners say that an industrial engineering education offers the best of both worlds: an education in both engineering and business. According to the Georgia Institute of Technology, nearly one in ten of its industrial engineer graduates rise to the top of their respective organizations in positions such as CEOs, presidents or CFOs. Industrial engineering is concerned with the development, improvement, and implementation of integrated systems of people, money, knowledge, information, equipment, energy, materials, analysis and synthesis, as well as the mathematical, physical and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering design to specify, predict, and evaluate the results to be obtained from such systems or processes.〔Salvendy, Gabriel. Handbook of Industrial Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 3rd edition p. 5〕 While industrial engineering is a traditional and longstanding engineering discipline subject to (and eligible for) professional engineering licensure in most jurisdictions, its underlying concepts overlap considerably with certain business-oriented disciplines such as operations management. Depending on the sub-specialties involved, industrial engineering may also be known as, or overlap with, operations management, management science, operations research, systems engineering, management engineering, manufacturing engineering, ergonomics or human factors engineering, safety engineering, or others, depending on the viewpoint or motives of the user. == Overview == While originally applied to manufacturing, the use of "industrial" in "industrial engineering" can be somewhat misleading, since it has grown to encompass any methodical or quantitative approach to optimizing how a process, system, or organization operates. Some engineering universities and educational agencies around the world have changed the term "industrial" to broader terms such as "production" or "systems", leading to the typical extensions noted above. In fact, the primary U.S. professional organization for Industrial Engineers, the Institute of Industrial Engineers (IIE) has been considering changing its name to something broader (such as the Institute of Industrial & Systems Engineers), although the latest vote among membership deemed this unnecessary for the time being. The various topics concerning industrial engineers include: * accounting: the measurement, processing and communication of financial information about economic entities * operations research, also known as management science: discipline that deals with the application of advanced analytical methods to help make better decisions * operations management: an area of management concerned with overseeing, designing, and controlling the process of production and redesigning business operations in the production of goods or services. * project management: is the process and activity of planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling resources, procedures and protocols to achieve specific goals in scientific or daily problems. * job design: the specification of contents, methods and relationship of jobs in order to satisfy technological and organizational requirements as well as the social and personal requirements of the job holder. * financial engineering: the application of technical methods, especially from mathematical finance and computational finance, in the practice of finance * management engineering: a specialized form of management that is concerned with the application of engineering principles to business practice * supply chain management: the management of the flow of goods. It includes the movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. * process engineering: design, operation, control, and optimization of chemical, physical, and biological processes. * systems engineering: an interdisciplinary field of engineering that focuses on how to design and manage complex engineering systems over their life cycles. * ergonomics: the practice of designing products, systems or processes to take proper account of the interaction between them and the people that use them. * safety engineering: an engineering discipline which assures that engineered systems provide acceptable levels of safety. * cost engineering: practice devoted to the management of project cost, involving such activities as cost- and control- estimating, which is cost control and cost forecasting, investment appraisal, and risk analysis. * value engineering: a systematic method to improve the "value" of goods or products and services by using an examination of function. * quality engineering: a way of preventing mistakes or defects in manufactured products and avoiding problems when delivering solutions or services to customers. * Industrial plant configuration: sizing of necessary infrastructure used in support and maintenance of a given facility. * facility management: an interdisciplinary field devoted to the coordination of space, infrastructure, people and organization * engineering design process: formulation of a plan to help an engineer build a product with a specified performance goal. * logistics: the management of the flow of goods between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet some requirements, of customers or corporations. Traditionally, a major aspect of industrial engineering was planning the layouts of factories and designing assembly lines and other manufacturing paradigms. And now, in so-called lean manufacturing systems, industrial engineers work to eliminate wastes of time, money, materials, energy, and other resources. Examples of where industrial engineering might be used include flow process charting, process mapping, designing an assembly workstation, strategizing for various operational logistics, consulting as an efficiency expert, developing a new financial algorithm or loan system for a bank, streamlining operation and emergency room location or usage in a hospital, planning complex distribution schemes for materials or products (referred to as supply-chain management), and shortening lines (or queues) at a bank, hospital, or a theme park. Modern industrial engineers typically use predetermined motion time system, computer simulation (especially discrete event simulation), along with extensive mathematical tools for modelling, such as mathematical optimization and queue theory, and computational methods for system analysis, evaluation, and optimization. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Industrial engineering」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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